Carnival: Ordering carnival pastries like Berliner or Galani

💬 avete is the plural "you" and here means the shop as a whole. Use it to ask what a place stocks: avete il pane? "do you have bread?"

💬 alla (= a + la) followed by a food means "filled with" or "flavoured with". The same pattern works widely: alla nutella, al cioccolato "chocolate".

🇮🇹 In Italy, Berliner (also called krapfen) usually come filled with custard crema rather than whipped cream, so expect this choice at the counter.

💬 uno here means "one", agreeing with the masculine Berliner. For a feminine item it becomes una: una frittella "one fritter".

💬 basta means "it's enough" and is used on its own all the time: basta! can mean "stop!" or "that'll do".

💬 Le is the formal "to you", matching Lei. With a friend it would be quanto ti devo?

🇮🇹 Formal Le is the normal choice with shop staff you don't know, whatever their age.

💬 euro never changes in the plural: un euro, otto euro. Prices are said with e "and" between euros and cents.

💬 Italian says sono "they are" for prices because the euros count as plural. With just one it's è: è un euro.

💬 Lei is formal "you". Among friends you'd say ecco a te.

💬 Grazie a lei literally means "thanks to you". It's the polite way to return a thank-you, with a feel of "no, thank you".

🇮🇹 Use it when someone thanks you right back. With friends you'd say grazie a te.

🇮🇹 A cheerful send-off during Carnival season, said much like "happy holidays". Saying it back is the natural reply.

💬 buon is a shortened buono used before most masculine nouns in greetings: buon Natale "merry Christmas", buon appetito.