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Scene illustrating a Japanese-language small talk with coworkers conversation

Key Phrases

週末はどうでしたか?

shuumatsu wa dou deshi ta ka

How was your weekend?

お寺を見て、しらすを食べました。

o tera o mi te shirasu o tabe mashi ta

I saw some temples and ate shirasu.

今週もがんばりましょう。

konshuu mo ganbari mashou

Let's do our best this week too.

Skills You'll Learn

Using past tense to talk about weekend events

過去形を使って週末の出来事を話す

kako katachi o tsukatsu te shuumatsu no dekigoto o hanasu

Connecting actions using the 'te' form

「〜て」形を使って動作をつなげる

te katachi o tsukatsu te dousa o tsunageru

Using encouraging expressions to close a conversation

励ましの表現を使って会話を締めくくる

hagemashi no hyougen o tsukatsu te kaiwa o shimekukuru

Lesson Roleplay

Imagine it's Monday morning and you've just arrived at work in Japan. You want to greet a coworker and chat about your weekend.

おはようございます。

ohayou gozai masu

Good morning.

あ、 Smith さん、おはようございます。週末はどうでしたか?

a Smith san ohayou gozai masu shuumatsu wa dou deshi ta ka

Oh, Ms. Smith, good morning. How was your weekend?

楽しかったです。土曜日に鎌倉へ行きました。

tanoshikatsu ta desu doyoubi ni kamakura e iki mashi ta

It was fun. I went to Kamakura on Saturday.

いいですね。何をしましたか?

ii desu ne nani o shi mashi ta ka

That's nice. What did you do?

お寺を見て、しらすを食べました。

o tera o mi te shirasu o tabe mashi ta

I saw some temples and ate shirasu.

Lesson Vocabulary & Phrases

☀️👋

おはようございます。

ohayou gozai masu

Good morning.

🇯🇵 In many Japanese workplaces this is the standard greeting when you first see coworkers, even well into the afternoon on some shift schedules. It's polite enough for your boss, and close colleagues often shorten it to おはよう (ohayō).

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🎉📅

週末

shuumatsu

Weekend

See breakdown →
❓🎉📅

週末はどうでしたか?

shuumatsu wa dou deshi ta ka

How was your weekend?

💬 Swap in any noun to ask how something went: 旅行はどうでしたか? "How was the trip?". でした is the past form of です, so the whole question is about something already over.

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😄🎊

楽しかったです。

tanoshikatsu ta desu

It was fun.

💬 Describing words ending in い change their ending to show the past: 楽しい "fun" becomes 楽しかった. Add です to keep it polite, never でした.

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📅6️⃣

土曜日

doyoubi

Saturday

💬 Put に after a day or time to say when something happened: 日曜日に "on Sunday".

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🚃➡️⛩️

鎌倉へ行きました

kamakura e iki mashi ta

I went to Kamakura

💬 When へ marks a destination it's said (e), not (he). に works here too: 鎌倉に行きました.

See breakdown →
📅6️⃣🚃➡️⛩️

土曜日に鎌倉へ行きました。

doyoubi ni kamakura e iki mashi ta

I went to Kamakura on Saturday.

🇯🇵 Kamakura, an hour from Tokyo, is a classic day-trip spot, so naming it gives coworkers an easy follow-up to chat about.

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👍😊

いいですね。

ii desu ne

That's nice.

🇯🇵 This is the go-to friendly reaction to someone's news, keeping the chat warm without needing to say much. Listeners in Japan nod and react like this often to show they're following.

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❓🙋

何をしましたか?

nani o shi mashi ta ka

What did you do?

💬 を is said (o), not (wo). 何 is read (nani) here, but shortens to (nan) before some sounds, as in 何ですか (nan desu ka).

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